PV Basics

PV Basics, Understanding Your System.

PV technology converts sunlight directly into electricity throughout the day, allowing you to produce your own electricity with no noise, air pollution, or moving parts. The basic building block is the PV cell, which is connected to other cells to create larger units called modules. Typically, modules are attached as panels onto your existing roof or are designed directly into the roof so they act as both a part of the roof or shingles and a solar module at the same time. The integrated roofing option may make sense if you are building a new home or considering replacing your current roof. Modules can also be set up as freestanding units on the ground.

PV Basics: If you're interested in PV power, the first step is to learn the basics.

A PV system includes a collection of PV modules that is usually connected to the utility grid. (In New York, systems must be connected to the utility grid to be eligible for the cash incentive offered by NYSERDA.) The PV modules produce direct current (DC) electricity, which the system then converts to alternating current (AC) electricity so it can be used to power your lights, appliances, and other home electrical needs. Being connected to the utility grid provides two additional benefits. First, when your system doesn't produce enough electricity to power your home ( when the sun isn't shining, for example), you automatically receive the additional power you need from the utility, Second, if you produce more electricity than you need- which can happen on most sunny days- electricity flows back through your meter to the utility. In fact, your meter will run in reverse when your PV system is producing more electricity than you need, and you can receive a credit from the utility for the energy you're supplying but don't use.

The following diagram shows the PV basics of a grid connected PV system.

Understanding PV Basics is the first step in planning your solar system.

The cost of a PV system varies according to the overall size and number of modules you use. A smaller system may cost less initially, but remember, it will produce less electricity too.

A good way to think of it is that purchasing a PV system is like paying for many years' worth of electricity at once, since the cost is in the up-front purchase. Once your system is installed there should be minimal maintenance.